In history, Ethereum could only sort its own transactions. The validator collects transactions from the memory pool, sorts them, and builds blocks. If all Rollups inject transactions directly into the process, it will lead to chaos: conflicts, wasted block space, and transaction failures.
The proposer builder separation (PBS) has brought breakthroughs:
Previously, validators had to complete all tasks (collecting, sorting, and building blocks), and the Rollup transaction volume would overwhelm the system.
After PBS: The work was split.
The verifier (proposer) only signs the block.
Professional builders collect transactions (from Ethereum and Rollup based), sort and generate complete blocks.
The verifier only needs to sign the most valuable block header, without needing to view the content.
From the perspective of a validator, everything is as usual, but in reality, Ethereum has become all neutral sequencers based on Rollup.
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